A parent of a newborn asks the nurse why young children seem to become ill so often when compared with older children and adults. Which of the following does the nurse's best response address?
1. Lower numbers of natural killer cells in younger children
2. High levels of IgA in the newborn
3. Absent lymphoid tissue in the young child
4. Underdeveloped thymus glands in the infant
1
Rationale 1: Newborns have lower numbers of natural killer cells than do older children and adults, decreasing their ability to respond to certain antigens.
Rationale 2: IgA is not present at birth. Development of IgA begins at two weeks of age but doesn't reach adult levels until the age of six.
Rationale 3: Lymphoid tissue, such as the spleen and tonsils, is present at birth.
Rationale 4: The thymus is large at birth and grows during childhood, decreasing by adulthood.
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