After spending several days at a high altitude, where oxygen pressure is low, a person will begin to produce more red blood cells, which enhances the ability of blood to carry oxygen to the tissues. What term best describes this type of response?
A. developmental acclimatization
B. positive feedback
C. physiological acclimatization
D. feedforward regulation
E. evolution
C
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Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B, then __________.
A. the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B B. the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A C. water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B D. water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A E. neither the solute nor water will diffuse
A postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs-from neurons X, Y, and Z. Stimulation of neuron X causes the postsynaptic neuron to depolarize by 0.5 mV. When X and Y are stimulated simultaneously, the postsynaptic neuron depolarizes by 1 mV. When X and Z are stimulated simultaneously, however, there is no change in the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron. What is most likely true about presynaptic neurons Y and Z?
A. Z is excitatory and Y is inhibitory. B. They are both inhibitory. C. They are both excitatory. D. Y is excitatory and Z is inhibitory.
When myosin moves along the actin, it goes through cycles of binding and releasing (duty cycle). How does myosin keep from losing its place on the actin when it releases?
A) The time of the duty cycle is large (.99) so that it is only unattached a short time. B) The myosin is still attracted to the actin by weak electrostatic forces that prevent it from moving too far away during release. C) The myosin is attached to the actin by another protein that it uses as a safety line to prevent it from slipping too far back. D) The myosin is arranged in dimers so that when one releases, the other is bound.
Which joint actions should be used to discern the extensor digitorum longus and fibularis longus from each other?
a. Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint b. Inversion and eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint c. Abduction and adduction of the toes at the metatarsophalangeal joints d. Flexion and extension of the leg at the knee joint