The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is associated with the clearance of organism from the bloodstream and the release of cytokines within hours of antibiotic treatment. With which spiro-chete is this condition associated?
a. Treponema
b. Borrelia
c. Leptospira
d. Brachyspira
B
Treatment of relapsing fever (caused by Borrelia recurrentis) with antibiotics may result in the formation of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. This reaction is associated with the clearance of the organisms from the bloodstream and the release of cytokines within hours of antibiotic treatment. The patient experiences tachycardia, chills, rigors, hypotension, fever, and diaphoresis. Death may be associated with the reaction. An acute respiratory distress syndrome has also been recognized in cases associated with tickborne relapsing fever.
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