Viruses travel through animals mainly by lysing cells and then spreading to other cells. Plant cells are not easily lysed. If a pathogen enters a plant cell and does not initiate a hypersensitive response, what is the most likely way the virus would spread to other plant cells?
A. Through the chloroplasts
B. Directly through the cell wall
C. Through transport vesicles
D. Through the plasmodesmata
E. Through the central vacuole
Answer: D
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Mules are __________ and are subject to
__________. a. all males; postzygotic reproductive isolation b. all females; postzygotic reproductive isolation c. all females; prezygotic reproductive isolation d. hybrids; postzygotic reproductive isolation e. hybrids; prezygotic reproductive isolation
Mucus-secreting cells and cilia in the bronchi serve what function?
a. help air exchange b. trap and remove bacteria and airborne particles c. destroy inhaled bacteria d. warm inspired air e. increase carbon dioxide removal
What is the purpose of double-blind experiments?
A) to ensure that the hypothesis is scientifically testable B) to see if the experimental group responds differently than the control group C) to help the subjects in an experiment understand the treatment they are receiving D) to minimize the effects of human bias on the results
Guppies from Trinidad form two distinct populations that differ in several life history traits. These traits appear to relate to the local predator populations, pike-cichlids or killifish. Which experiments would best test the heritability of these
traits? A) Raise both populations with cichlids to see if the population of smaller, faster-maturing guppies reproduces more quickly. B) Raise both populations without predators to see if they maintain their life history traits. C) Introduce cichlids into a habitat with killifish. D) Provide additional food to the guppies from cichlid habitats to see if they will grow to the same size as guppies from the killifish habitat.