A major change in medical ethics that affected nursing occurred when the Western secular belief system shifted emphasis from duties to
a. individual autonomy and rights.
b. satisfying Medicare regulations.
c. the cost-effectiveness of care.
d. nonmaleficence.
ANS: A
Freedom of choice (autonomy) and the ability to assert one's individual rights have become the major operative beliefs of the Western secular belief system affecting medical ethics today. These beliefs, in turn, affect the way nurses interact with patients. Satisfying Medicare regulations and the cost-effectiveness of care are not aspects of the Western secular belief system. The remaining option is an ethical principle that has always been important in medical ethics.
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