Explain why cellular cannibalism is beneficial for sporulating Bacillus subtilis
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A cell that undergoes sporulation in response to unfavorable environmental conditions still requires nutrient sources during the process, so some cells are lysed to free up essential, scarce nutrients. After a five sensor kinase phosphorylates Spo0A that activates sporulation and also induces the release of toxic proteins, lysis of other non-activated Spo0A cells occurs. So, any cells that have Spo0A activated are not lysed, can pick up these available nutrients, and sporulate.
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In the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) test, the factor that should limit biological activity is ________.
A. phosphorus B. carbon C. nitrogen D. oxygen
The scissors in the figure represent
a. restriction enzymes. b. reverse transcriptases. c. DNA polymerases. d. RNA polymerases. e. DNA ligases.
The structures in the outermost ring of floral structures that cover and protect the bud are
A. receptacles. B. sepals. C. stamens. D. carpels. E. petals.
Which of the following choices best describes the role of the lysosome?
(a) transport of material to the Golgi (b) clean-up, recycling, and disposal of macromolecules (c) sorting of transport vesicles (d) the storage of excess macromolecules