Concern over the use of animals in research has led researchers to seek alternatives to the use of animals. Which of these is one of the alternatives that researchers have devised in recent decades?
a) Researchers are relying on the use of correlational research in place of experimental research.
b) Bacteria and fertilized chicken eggs have been used as substitutes for animals in tests on toxic chemicals.
c) Computer projections of the possible effects of chemicals on the brain are used to replace experiments on live animals.
d) Researchers are relying on panels of experts to make predictions on the possible outcomes of experiments based on their experiences.
ANS: b
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Early in psychology's history Charles Darwin, William James, and others proposed that motivation was a result of:
a) instincts. b) incentives. c) drives. d) emotions.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Participants in a study usually react passively to the independent variables. b. Confounding variables may be present in a study after it begins. c. One way to eliminate order effects in a study is to use counterbalancing. d. Participants generally do not try to interpret what is going on in the experimental situation. e. Random assignment assures that all participants are equally likely to be influenced by the independent variables.
In line with the idea that their construal of self is interdependent, Japanese students were
more likely than Euro-Canadian students topersist at a task following a __________ experience. a. personal b. social c. successful d. formative e. failure
In many non industrialized, agriculturally based cultures,
A) dating is very similar to dating in the West. B) dating begins later than in the West and proceeds more rapidly toward marriage. C) dating simply does not exist. D) dating begins later than in the West and proceeds more slowly toward marriage.