Probable cause deals with:
a. hunches and suspicions
b. an exact degree of probability.
c. factual and practical considerations of everyday life.
d. unquestionable certainties.
c
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According to Engel, which type of supervisor develops strong relationships with subordinates, inspires officers, and tries to protect officers from management?
a. Supportive c. Traditional b. Innovative d. Active
Theoretical criminology offers explanations for criminal behavior. However, there is no grand theory that answers all questions when it comes to behaviors
With the popularity of evidence-based criminology, can you see the development of more comprehensive theories that provide more complete answers to behaviors? What will be an ideal response?
According to the text, what is one reason that mental health treatment of inmates has been ineffective?
a. Inmates tend to refuse treatment. b. Correctional officers don't allow inmates to participate in mental health programming. c. Mental illness diagnoses are often unreliable. d. Inmates are embarrassed to admit they need mental health treatment and thus do not seek it.
According to the text, one way of controlling discretion, particularly improper application of discretion, is the establishment of:
a. strong policies. b. employee early warning systems. c. citizen review boards. d. active reporting systems.