According to Messner and Rosenfeld, lack of opportunity is the primary and overwhelming factor that contributes to people resorting illegal means of acheving success

The text points out that among older Americans without partners, living arrangements depend on a variety of factors. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

a. attitudes toward divorce b. the status of one's health c. the availability of others with whom to reside d. personal preferences for privacy and independence

Potential new members of a social movement organization are MOST likely to be recruited when:

a. they share the concerns and grievances of the group. b. they are acting in defiance of their parents, spouse, or other family members. c. they have friends who are already members of the organization. d. they are deeply committed to the ideology of the group.

Which of these statements about variables is true?

A. A variable must always be very concrete and straightforward. B. A variable must always be as abstract as possible. C. Research is often designed to discover how variables influence each other. D. Only two variables may be included in any particular study.

Which of the following is an example of a formal organization?

A. A community college basketball team B. The local kids' swim team C. The people in a New York City subway car D. The General Motors Corporation