A "spell" is a culturally defined mental health disorder or a dissociative "state" seen in African Americans, Europeans, and Americans from southern U.S. cultures. This "state" is characterized by:
a. Sudden collapsing with eyes open and inability to see, while still hearing and understanding without being able to move
b. Seizure activity and coma for up to 12 hours preceded by extreme excitement or irrational behavior
c. A state in which spirit possession interferes with daily activities
d. Communication with deceased relatives or spirits that occurs during a trancelike state
D
A "spell" is seen in these cultures and is characterized by the behaviors listed. Sudden collapsing with eyes open and inability to see but ability to hear and understand describes the state of "falling out" seen in members of some cultures living in the southern United States and in certain Caribbean groups. Seizure activity and coma preceded by extreme excitement or irrational behavior describes "pibloktoq" seen in some Arctic and sub-Arctic Eskimos; a state in which spirit possession interferes with daily activities describes "zar" seen in cultures of individuals originating from Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and Sudan.
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