An 80-year-old man has been experiencing fecal incontinence. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this disorder?
a. denervation of the sensory receptors in the muscles surrounding the rectum
b. increase in the tone of the internal anal sphincter
c. decline in the large bowel transit
d. decrease in intestinal mobility and absorption
A
Fecal incontinence can develop in the older adult because of denervation of the sensory receptors in the muscles surrounding the rectum. This interferes with the ability to detect changes in pressure in the rectum. Degeneration of the rectal wall's afferent neurons creates a decrease in internal rectal sphincter tone. A decline in large bowel transit and a decrease in fecal water excretion lead to constipation. The older adult experiences impaired nutrient absorption because of a decrease in intestinal mobility and absorption.
You might also like to view...
The nurse knows the knee-high SCD sleeves are correctly placed on the patient when the following conditions are met: (Select all that apply.)
a. Both sleeves are connected to the SCD device. b. Two fingers fit inside when the SCDs are inflated. c. There are no kinks in the tubing. d. The ankle pressure is 55 to 65 mm Hg. e. The cooling control is on.
A patient is brought to the emergency room with chest pain
After interviewing the patient, the nurse discovers that the chest pain was precipitated by physical exertion and was relieved by nitroglycerin. Based on the patient's history, the nurse suspects which of the following medical diagnoses? A) Myocardial infarction B) Atypical angina pectoris C) Typical angina pectoris D) Unstable angina pectoris
Nurses entering the workforce at a large urban hospital soon began volunteering for excessive overtime
. A focus group found that upon graduation, many of these nurses purchased expensive cars and furniture. They lacked skills in managing their checkbook and were often unable to pay recurring bills; this finding would be relevant to which component of the Workforce Advocacy Ecosystem Model? a. Staffing b. Workflow design c. Organizational factors d. Personal and social factors
When auscultating the S2 heart sound, the nurse understands that this heart sound:
a. Represents the beginning of systole. b. Represents the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. c. Is usually followed by the S3 heart sound. d. May be heard as a split sound on exhalation in clients under age 40.