In studies with a group of individuals being tested in a series of treatment conditions, factors such as history, instrumentation, and maturation threaten ____
a. internal validity only
b. external validity only
c. both internal and external validity
d. neither internal nor external validity
a
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Gender differences in the behavioral reactions to stress appear across the animal kingdom and may have some basis in the biology of male and female brains
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The number of times a rat presses a bar during an experimental session is measured using this scale of measurement
a. interval c. nominal b. ratio d. ordinal
In a correlated groups experiment, if we must estimate the population standard deviation to determine the significance of the sample results, the appropriate statistical test is _________
a. t test c. z test b. sign test d. none of these
According to the marital crisis effect:
a. women benefit more from marriage than do men. b. people in poor mental and physical health are not as likely to marry as those who are better off. c. people seek out committed relationships more when they are experiencing stress in their lives. d. it is not marriage that provides good health, but rather, the trauma of being widowed or divorced that brings poor health.