Consider the genes IGF2 and H19 and the imprinting control region (ICR) between them. If the paternal ICR region was mutated in such a way that it could not be methylated but the maternal ICR was not mutated, how would that effect growth? In your
explanation describe the expression of IGF2 and H19 from both the maternal and paternal alleles.
What will be an ideal response?
There would be reduced growth and a smaller placenta. The maternal copy of ICR is usually not methylated and so would remain unmethylated allowing for the expression of the maternal H19. Expressed H19 produces a noncoding RNA that suppresses IGF2. Typically, the paternal copy of ICR is hypermethylated so that H19 is not expressed and thus IGF2 can be expressed. In this mutant, the ICR is unable to be methylated and thus H19 will be expressed and then the resulting noncoding RNA will repress the IGF2. This would result in the repression of both maternal and paternal copies of IGF2 and will result in slower growth of the fetus and placenta.
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