Which of the following is appropriate for the nurse explaining the etiology of type 1diabetes to the patient?
A) "The tissues in the body are resistant to the action of insulin, which causes the insulin to be less effective."
B) "The formation of an acidic substance occurs when the liver breaks down fatty acids because of the lack of insulin in the body."
C) "The secretion of placental hormones causes the body to be resistant to insulin."
D) "Destruction of special cells in the pancreas causes a decrease in insulin production and the level of glucose (sugar) in the bloodstream increases because the body lacks insulin to break down the glucose."
Ans: D
Feedback: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells resulting in decreased insulin production, unchecked glucose production by the liver, and fasting hyperglycemia. Also, glucose derived from food cannot be stored in the liver and remains circulating in the blood, leading to postprandial hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Gestational diabetes is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with its onset during pregnancy and is caused by the secretion of placental hormones. Ketosis is the formation of a highly acidic substance when the liver breaks down free fatty acids in the absence of insulin.
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