Hyperventilation should generally be avoided during mechanical ventilatory support. Exceptions to this rule include:
1. Trying to calm an agitated patient.
2. Failure of other methods to reduce intracranial pressure.
3. Hypokalemia causing cardiac arrhythmias.
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 only
d. 1 and 2 only
ANS: C
Hyperventilation should be used temporarily after traumatic brain injury until other methods can be used to decrease elevated intracranial pressure.
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