Explain how peristalsis and segmentation in the small intestine differ

What will be an ideal response?


As with other regions of the alimentary canal, peristalsis in the small intestine is accomplished by alternating contractions of the longitudinal and circular layers of smooth muscle in the muscularis externa. The primary function of peristalsis is to propel chyme toward the ileum and ultimately through the ileocecal valve to the cecum. However, segmentation, also known as intestinal churning, involves contractions of only the circular layer of smooth muscle, which produces a squeezing motion. The primary functions of segmentation are mechanical digestion and mixing the chyme with intestinal and pancreatic enzymes as well as bile.

Anatomy & Physiology

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Insulin is a protein hormone with mostly hydrophilic amino acids. Which is the most likely description of its receptor?

A. Integral membrane protein B. Specialized phospholipids within the membrane C. Nucleic acids D. Peripheral membrane protein E. Intracellular proteins

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After ovulation, the oocyte

A. releases negative ions that create an electrical gradient that all sperm swim toward. B. releases chemotaxic signals to attract sperm to its location. C. propels itself toward seminal fluid by calcium-dependent kinesis. D. waits passively for a sperm to penetrate.

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The midbrain, thalamus, and pons are all considered part of the brainstem.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Anatomy & Physiology