Using Pfluger's laws, explain how pathological muscle tension can spread through the body
What will be an ideal response?
A complete response should include these concepts:
• Law of symmetry—Tension and pain tends to occur in the same area on the opposite side of the body from the primary injury.
• This is because nerve roots that supply each side of the body exit and enter the spinal cord between the same vertebrae. If the spinal cord segment is hypersensitive, it can overreact and stimulate reflexes that will cause tension on both sides of the body.
• Law of radiation—Tension and pain tends to spread upward along the spinal cord.
• As the upper torso moves and bends, the lower sections stabilize and support the movement. If the lower sections become painful, the next higher section is tensed to help stabilize the painful lower section.
• Law of generalization—tension may become generalized throughout the body and can radiate all the way up along the spinal cord.
• The lower brain centers may then react by sending a sort of general spinal reflex that affects the whole body.
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
You are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-mask device. She has dentures, which are tight-fitting. Adequate chest rise is present with each ventilation, and the patient's oxygen saturation reads 96%. When you reassess the patency of her airway, you note that her dentures are now loose, although your ventilations are still producing adequate chest rise. You should:
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