Without the testimony of eyewitnesses, many guilty people would go free. But some convictions are tragic mistakes because memory is reconstructive and the testimony isn't always reliable
Describe conditions
under which errors in eyewitness testimony are most likely to occur.
What will be an ideal response?
• Errors are most likely when:
o The suspect's ethnicity differs from that of the witness.
o Suggestive comments are made and suggestive questions asked during interrogation or interview.
o Misleading or incorrect information is presented to the witness after the event.
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Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be made by a humanist?
a. People are rational. b. People are dominated by unconscious conflicts. c. People can rise above their animal heritage. d. People are unique.
Which of the following students provides the best definition of the term "ecological validity?
a. Emily: "Ecological validity means that you are testing hypotheses that assess people's concern about the environment." b. Patrick: "Ecological validity refers to research in which you assess two different dependent variables." c. Tessa: "Ecological validity means that there is a high similarity between the situation where the study is being conducted, and the situation in "real life" where the results will be applied." d. Theodora: "Ecological validity means that you take two dependent variables, determine whether they are correlated with each other, and then see whether they are correlated with the independent variable."
Quasi experimental designs that involve two preexisting groups have as a problem that
a. The focus is entirely on individuals b. Alternative hypotheses cannot ever be ruled out c. Differences between the groups may have existed before the experiment started d. They are by definition confounded
Which of the following statements is a conclusion that can be drawn from the research on young infants' auditory capabilities?
A) The auditory system is not functional before birth. B) By 2 months of age, infants are capable of responding to a broad range of sounds. C) By 6 months of age, infants easily distinguish among rattles, voices, and other environmental noises. D) Newborns are able to detect a 0.5 percent frequency change, easily hearing the softest whisper.