When the nurse inspects the gums of a patient who has periodontitis resulting from chronic gingivitis, the inspection would most likely reveal
a. brown coloration of the gums.
b. a grayish membrane over an inflamed and ulcerated area of the mucosa.
c. red gingival borders, receding gums, and purulent drainage.
d. blue lines approximately 1 mm from the gingival margin.
C
Red gingival borders, receding gums, and purulent drainage are indicative of periodontitis resulting from chronic gingivitis. Brownish gums are associated with Addison's disease. A grayish membrane over an inflamed and ulcerated area of the mucosa describes Vincent's stomatitis or trench mouth, a bacterial infection of the gums. Lead bismuth lines are blue lines approximately 1 mm from the gingival margin and are caused by chronic exposure to lead or bismuth.
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Which of the following is a true statement about neuropsychiatric function in older adults?
a. Overall cognitive abilities are progressively degraded by neuron loss in the cerebral cortex with aging. b. Improving cognitive functions in an older person calls for sporadic mental activity around ideas the person finds significant and interesting. c. Nerve cells regenerate in the hippocampus. d. Mood does not influence an older person ability to remember verbal instructions.
When a patient demonstrates accelerated heart rate, trembling, choking, and chest pain along with acute, intense, and overwhelming anxiety, the nurse should recognize that the patient is most likely experiencing what condition?
a. Terror b. Fright c. Fear d. Panic
Which of the following is an example of a problem that requires recording on the patient's problem list?
a. Common age variations b. Expected findings c. Problems needing further evaluation d. Minor variations
The nurse is with a newborn that is having radiographic studies to determine if the newborn has esophageal atresia and if the newborn also has tracheoesophageal fistula
When the radiopaque nasogastric tube is passed through the nose to the stomach, it stops at 10 centimeters and the radiographic studies show air in the stomach. The nurse is aware that these finding indicate which of the following conditions? a. normal esophagus and stomach b. abnormal esophagus and normal stomach c. esophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula d. esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula