What is a symmetrical measure of association? Which measure of substantive significance is a symmetrical measure?
What will be an ideal response?
(i) a symmetrical measure of association is one in which the results are not dependent upon the identification of variables; you get the same results regardless of which variable is identified as the cause (independent) or effect (dependent). (ii) Pearson’s r
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How did politicians determine public opinion before the advent of scientific polling?
A. by counting the number of people who attended their campaign rallies B. by the number of people who volunteered for the campaign, which was a good proxy for public opinion C. haphazardly through information supplied by editorials, pamphleteers, and local leaders D. through the number of small dollar campaign contributions
Unfunded mandates are
a. derided in government. b. praised by interest groups. c. widely accepted by the public. d. always included in referendums. e. None of the above
Before the Civil War, the government issued
a. both paper money and coins. b. coins but not paper money. c. federal savings bonds instead of standard currency. d. no official form of currency. e. paper money but not coins.
The race to the bottom phenomenon is characterized by a ________
A. lack of capital mobility B. rise in taxation C. drop in welfare spending D. rise in social insurance measures E. rise in the economies of scale