A client believes she has a brain tumor despite numerous diagnostic tests that show no evidence of a
tumor. She tells the nurse "People with brain tumors vomit. Yesterday I vomited all day. I know I
have a brain tumor.".
The approach that fosters cognitive restructuring is
a. "You do not have a brain tumor. The more you talk about it, the more it reinforces
your illogical thinking. We'll talk about something else.".
b. "Let's see if there are any other possible explanations for your vomiting.".
c. "How worried you seem! Let's talk about how you're feeling.".
d. "What interpersonal problems have you had recently?"
ANS: B
Questioning the evidence is a cognitive restructuring technique. Learning that headaches, visual
disturbances, weakness, and vomiting can have causes other than the feared disease can be helpful in
changing distorted perceptions. Option A does not foster questioning on the part of the client. Option
C is empathetic, but does not foster restructuring. Option D queries, but not with an appropriate
focus.
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The nurse is caring for a client who does not accept blood or blood products. Which nursing actions conserve blood? Select all that apply
A) Administer medication to stimulate bone marrow. B) Draw minimum volume of blood for diagnostic tests. C) Administer plasma to expand intravascular volume. D) Reinfuse the client's own blood via closed circuit container. E) Administer factor VIII to stimulate coagulation process. F) Administer blood product only in an emergency.
While interviewing a 75-year-old client, the nurse assesses which of the following intrinsic factors related to the client's aging process?
A) Economic level, education, and former occupation B) Health habits, nutritional status, and food preferences C) High cost of health care and societal attitudes about aging D) Familial longevity, intelligence, and lack of genetic disease
It is very important that nurses work closely with families in addressing health needs. Reasons for this include each of the following except
1. A clear understanding of the functioning of the individual can be gained only when the individual is assessed within the larger context of the family. 2. Commonalities in risk factors and disease shared by family members can lead to case finding within the family. 3. Family wellness is highly dependent on the role of the family in health care and can be raised through reducing lifestyle and environmental risks and emphasizing health promotion, self-care, health education, and family counseling. 4. It is important to detect nontraditional families that are considered to be at risk for dysfunction. 5. Within the family unit, any dysfunction that affects one or more family members will affect the family as a whole.
A 65-year-old man who weighs 180 lb (81.8 kg) is to receive 1.5 mL of a viscous antibiotic by intramuscular (IM) injection. Which needle and syringe will be used?
a. 5/8 inch, 25-gauge needle with 5 mL syringe b. 1 inch, 28-gauge needle with 4 mL syringe c. 1 inch, 21-gauge needle with 3 mL syringe d. 3 inch, 16-gauge needle with 1.5 mL syringe