In an experiment to study the effects of caffeine on performance, an experimenter asked the male students in an introductory psychology class to drink two regular Pepsis before a test and the female students to drink two caffeine-free Pepsis. She then compared performance of the two groups on the test. A confounding variable in this study is:
a. whether participants had studied for the test.
b. the type of drink.
c. the gender of the participants.
d. the amount of caffeine in the Pepsi.
C
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Which of the following is the most accurate statement?
a. ?Extreme stress can cause the hypothalamus to inhibit cortisol release. b. ?Continued stress can damage the hippocampus. c. ?Continued stress can damage the hypothalamus. d. ?Extreme stress can cause the amygdala to inhibit cortisol release.
Thorndike’s ____ stated that reinforcement strengthened behavior, whereas punishment weakened it.
a. original law of exercise b. revised law of exercise c. original law of effect d. revised law of effect
Cultural influences on the child were strongly emphasized by ____ developmental theory
a. Sigmund Freud's b. Lev Vygotsky's c. Jean Piaget's d. B.F. Skinner's
You’re walking across the courtyard at your school and you see two large boys pushing a smaller boy back and forth between them. None of the boys are in any of your classes. While the smaller boy doesn’t seem to be hurt, he is shouting at the other boys to stop. Which of the following best describes your responsibility in this case?
A) You are legally required to intervene, and failing to do is grounds for a lawsuit charging negligence. B) You have no legal or ethical responsibility in this case, since the boys are not in your classes. C) You have no legal or ethical responsibility in this case, since the incident is occurring outside of your classroom. D) You have no legal responsibility, since the boys are not in your classes, and the incident is occurring outside your classroom, but you have an ethical responsibility to protect the smaller boy's feelings.