The client admitted to the surgical unit after surgery is known to drink 6 to 10 cans of beer each day. How does the history of current alcohol abuse affect the client's response to an analgesic regimen?
A. The client is more likely to have postoperative nausea and vomiting when mor-phine or morphine agonists are used for pain relief.
B. The appropriate drug selection is an opioid agonist/antagonist combination.
C. A higher dose of opioids will be needed to provide effective pain relief.
D. A lower dose of opioids will be needed to provide effective pain relief.
C
People who drink significant amounts of alcohol daily have elevated liver enzyme activity that degrades morphine and morphine agonists. As a result, these clients frequently have tolerance for opioid analgesics and require higher doses of agonists to achieve an acceptable level of pain relief during acute pain episodes.
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A care conference is being held with the family of an older patient in the late stages of Alzheimer's disease. The family wants to know if a feeding tube should be placed. How should this question be answered?
1. Tube feeding will aid the patient to gain weight. 2. Tube feeding is associated with a reduced risk of aspiration. 3. Tube feeding reduces the discomfort associated with dehydration. 4. The absence of tube feeding promotes dehydration which reduces pain sensitivity.
An instructor is discussing the worldwide distribution of AIDS. Which term would the instructor use to describe this situation?
A) Epidemic B) Pandemic C) Endemic D) Pathogenicity
A client has been diagnosed with problems with the urinary system. The nurse explains
to the client that the part of the nephron, which assists in maximum reabsorption is A) distal tubule. B) collecting duct. C) proximal tubule. D) Bowman's capsule.
During a community program about food safety, a participant asks, "I know it is important to use safe food practices to avoid microbial contamination, but what other possible risks are there with our food supply?"
Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A) "Nothing is more of a problem than food-borne illness." B) "Risks occur only at food production and not handling or consumption." C) "Radiating food is something that really doesn't occur in the United States." D) "A recent concern has been raised about genetically modified foods being marketed."