Why does the repair of damaged DNA sometimes result in a mutation?
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Not all DNA repair is direct, reversing the original damage. Some forms of DNA repair involve the removal and replacement of material. In the case of base pair mismatches, for example, the "wrong" base may not be able to be recognized, and the "right" base may be removed and replaced with the correct complement of the "wrong" base, resulting in a mutation.
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In Chapter 3, you learned about the evolution of the 14 finch-like species on the Galapagos
Islands. As shown in the figure below, each species has a different beak shape; thus, each
species is adapted to feeding on different food sources.
Specialized islet cells that secrete hormones are found scattered throughout the:
a. adrenal cortex b. liver c. thymus d. adrenal medulla e. pancreas
Sensilla are sensory hairs involved in taste and smell
____________________ Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Short-term and long-term memory are related but have important differences. Short-term memory _____
A) involves temporary links formed in the cerebral cortex while long-term memory involves permanent connections within the hippocampus B) and long-term memory store information in the cerebellum but use different neurotransmitters C) is essential for acquiring and retaining long-term memories D) is essential for acquiring new long-term memories but not for maintaining them