List the three criteria that must all be met in order for a variable to be considered a confounder of the association between the hypothesized exposure and outcome.
What will be an ideal response?
1. The confounder must be a risk factor for the outcome.
2. The confounder must be associated with the exposure in the study population.
3. The confounder cannot be an intermediate step in the causal pathway between exposure and outcome.
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