Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. "In Pavlov's work with dogs, animals were not presented food unless they salivated when they heard the tone. "
2. "Acquisition is the phase of classical conditioning in which the initially neutral CS (conditioned stimulus) and US (unconditioned stimulus) are presented together. "
3. "Acquisition is the phase of classical conditioning in which the US elicits the UR. "
4. "Acquisition of a conditioned response starts low, increases slowly, and then rises rapidly for as long as the CS is paired with the US. "
5. "In second-order conditioning, a neutral stimulus becomes a CS when it is repeatedly paired with a previously established CS. "
1. FALSE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE
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The likelihood principle states that
A. we perceive the object that is most likely to have caused the pattern of stimuli we have received. B. we perceive size to remain the same size even when objects move to different distances. C. it is easier to perceive vertical and horizontal orientations. D. feature detectors are likely to create a clear perception of an object.
In general, boys are more likely than girls to display all of the following except
a. speech and language problems. c. autism. b. mental disorders. d. oppositional and conduct disorders.
Your parents have been advised to give your little brother methylphenidate (Ritalin) as treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). What advice would you give them? a. Don't bother. The drug rarely produces any improvements in behavior
b. Make sure the diagnosis is correct, as Ritalin has no effect on behavior unless you really have ADHD. c. Proceed with caution. Ritalin can improve behavior, but it also produces significant side effects. d. Try giving him a cup of coffee first, and if he reacts well to that, he probably will respond well to Ritalin, too.
What is a difference between obedience and conformity?
a) In obedience there is a difference in status between the one who obeys and the one who makes the request. b) Conformity requires strict adherence to the rules whereas obedience does not. c) Obedience is an indirect request whereas conformity is a direct request. d) In conformity there is a perceived difference in status between the one who conforms and the group.