Research has shown that voters are more likely to turn out in elections with ________ electorates and when the election is likely to be ________.
A. large; not very competitive
B. small; not very competitive
C. small; very competitive
D. large; very competitive
Answer: C
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The figure above shows the demand curve, marginal revenue curve, and marginal cost curve
The amount of consumer surplus when the market has a monopoly producer is ________ and the amount of consumer surplus when the market is perfectly competitive is ________. A) abf; ace B) abf; bcd C) ace; bcd D) ace; abf E) bcd; ace
Economists Kenneth Chay and Michael Greenstone found that in the two years following the passage of the Clean Air Act of 1970, the sharp reduction in air pollution also led to a decline in infant deaths
Although this and other studies provide compelling evidence of the link between pollution and infant health, it is not clear that reductions from the much lower levels of ambient pollution today would have the same effect. Which of the following reasons could explain this? A) Today, the level of pollution is much higher. Therefore, it will take a much larger reduction in air pollution to reap benefits similar to those in 1970. B) The cost of pollution abatement today is much higher than it was in the 1970s. Thus, it would be far more costly to achieve the same level of benefit today as the benefit achieved in 1970. C) When levels of pollution are high, the marginal benefit of reducing pollution is low. Therefore, it was necessary to significantly reduce air pollution in 1970 before benefits could be realized. Today, when the level of pollution is much lower, such drastic measures are unnecessary. D) When levels of pollution are high, the marginal benefit of reducing pollution also is high. It follows therefore that the benefit of reducing air pollution in 1970 would be much higher than the benefit from a proportional reduction in air pollution today when the level of pollution is much lower.
Justification of a government program based on the jobs that it will create rather than the merits of the program itself is known as the: a. law of unintended consequences. b. invisible hand
c. crowding out effect. d. broken window fallacy.
Which of the following was produced by a combination of automatic stabilizers and discretionary fiscal policy?
a. the Great Depression b. the Great Recession c. the large budget deficit of 2009 d. the budget surplus in the 1990s