According to Bouffard and Mufti, community service (CS) emerged as an alternative sanction in the United States in the __________.

a. 1950s
b. 1960s
c. 1970s
d. 1980s


b. 1960s

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following is not one of the three concepts of Schwalbe's participation process model?

A. Communication B. Leverage C. Casework strategies D. Surveillance

Criminal Justice

In 2009, there were ______ jails in India.

a. 80 b. 96 c. 100 d. 111

Criminal Justice

Employers usually like to fill armed guard positions with people who have at least a ______.

a. military background b. law enforcement background c. high school diploma d. bachelor’s degree

Criminal Justice

Every day, as many as 60,000 malicious programs circulate on the Internet

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice