After Little Albert acquired a conditioned fear of a rat, Watson and Rayner wanted to see how he would react to a rabbit, cotton wool, and a Santa Claus mask. They were studying whether or not _______________ had occurred
a. extinction
b. stimulus generalization
c. counterconditioning
d. stimulus discrimination
Answer: b
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Vince buys tickets to a concert that his girlfriend, Jennifer, wants to see. The concert is in three months, but two weeks before the show, the couple split up. Vince decides to go to the concert anyway even though he doesn't really like the band. "I paid the money, so I might as well go," he says. Vince's decision demonstrates the ____ principle
a. base rate b. endowment c. escalation d. sunk cost
Dino, age 10, has read every dinosaur book in all the local libraries, and he has seen every TV show and movie about dinosaurs. When his class studies dinosaurs, Dino learns the new material faster than his peers. This illustrates the importance of ____ for memory
a. free recall b. knowledge base c. analogical reasoning d. memorization strategies
Mike is shopping for a new car and he has found one that he thinks is perfect. He has read some good reviews about the car's performance. However, he has found a few negative reviews about the car, which he has decided to ignore. What is Mike's diversion of attention from information inconsistent with his attitude called?
a. selective elaboration b. selective avoidance c. selective exposure d. selective appeal
Jessica is observed to be gloomy and pensive. She could be described as
a. sanguine. c. phlegmatic. b. choleric. d. melancholic.