An RN is performing some preprocedure education for a client about to undergo a procedure where a sterile needle is inserted into a joint space and the synovial fluid is aspirated for analysis in the lab. This procedure is called:
a. arthroscopy c. arthrogram
b. EMG d. arthrocentesis
D
Arthroscopy is an endoscopic procedure for direct visualization of a joint to diagnose torn ligaments, cartilage or menisci. An arthrogram is a radiographic visualization of a knee or shoulder joint after the insertion of a radiopaque dye or air or both into the joint. The procedure makes visualization of the bone, meniscus, cartilage, and ligaments possible. An EMG is where a needle electrode is inserted into the muscle being examined. This measures the electrical activity of skeletal muscle at rest and during voluntary muscle contraction. An arthrocentesis consists of a sterile needle being inserted into a joint space, usually a knee or shoulder, and synovial fluid is aspirated for analysis. Anti-inflammatory medication may then be injected into the joint.
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The scrub nurse is preparing to access a sterilized item; however, the item is missing the appropriate sterilization tag. Which of the following should the nurse do?
1. Request another item be brought that has the appropriate sterilization tag present. 2. Use the item. 3. Inform the physician that the item does not have the sterilization tag and use the item. 4. Substitute the item with another similar item that has been properly sterilized.
A nurse is confused in looking at the general systems theory models for community health. He tries to break down the differences between the models to give them meaning. Which of the following models utilizes boundaries as one of the seven key concepts?
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