Give examples of structural and behavioral characteristics that might confer selective advantages to an organism
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Natural selection suggests that certain characteristics of an organism offer an advantage that allows the organism to reproduce and to pass on that characteristic to its offspring. The coloring of an organism may allow it to blend into the background, thus escaping detection by predators. The capacity to remain still (i.e., freeze) may similarly allow an organism to avoid predation.
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What is currently the most successful therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder?
a. Exposure therapy with response prevention b. Stimulant drugs such as Ritalin c. Long-term psychoanalysis d. Lithium or anticonvulsant drugs
Schizophrenia is best thought of as ________
a. A neurodevelopmental disorder b. A genetic disorder c. An outcome of poor parenting d. An outcome of inadequate psychological defenses
A major reason for the decline in the use of frontal lobotomies was that:
A. the majority of patients were turned into "vegetables" B. it received negative publicity from movies like One Flew Over the Cuckoo‘s Nest C. antipsychotic drugs were developed that better controlled behavior D. the operation caused severe memory loss in patients
The 1995 Consumer Reports study on the benefits of psychotherapy
a. measured the efficacy rather than the effectiveness of psychotherapy. b. focused exclusively on treatment for alcohol and drug problems. c. suggested that psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers were equally effective. d. all of the above