What was the basis of the debate between eleventh century elites about the role of philosophy in the Song dynasty?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Role of philosophy
1. debate over its purpose
a. philosophy was not an occupation of luxury or leisure
b. basis and business of government
2. Ouyang Xiu
a. writings capture the agenda and atmosphere of a sort of
renaissance, a revival of ancient ethics and letters
b. urbane, world-weary, with highly sophisticated sensibilities
c. poems in praise of singing girls and strong drink made him
vulnerable to attack by moralists
d. dominated the intellectual mainstream
3. Wang Anshi
a. thought life was like a dream and valued "dreamlike merits"
equally with practical results
b. carried the notion of socially responsible government to extremes
c. consulted "peasants and serving girls" rather than relying on
Confucian principles and ancient precedents
d. progressive taxation, the substitution of taxes for forced labor,
cheap loans for farmers, and state-owned pawnshops
e. mistrust of Confucian confidence in China's ability to tame the
steppelanders
f. to combat banditry, and prevent the desertion of young peasants
to bandit gangs
g. agenda shaped policy
4. Common beliefs between the two parties
a. supported reform of the examination system
b. recruit the state's servants from a wide a range of social
backgrounds and encourage an ethic of service to society
c. new test asked questions about ethical standards and about how
the state could serve the people better
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A. it is best to believe God exists and stake everything to gain the lot; if God should prove not to exist, comparatively little will have been lost B. it is best to live life to the fullest, regardless of your religious beliefs and, if God does exist, seek forgiveness near the end of your life C. it is best to believe that God does not exist, so that if he does exist, you will be joyful rather than disappointed D. only one person in a hundred would be saved
What reform of government did Augustus institute to make Rome successful?
A) He disbanded the Senate and called for new elections. B) He quietly moved most of the Senate's powers over to the General Assembly. C) He gave citizenship to everyone in the Roman Empire. D) He established himself as absolute dictator for life. E) He turned Rome into a successful constitutional monarchy.
Which of the following is true about American colonialism in the late nineteenth century?
A) ?In the aftermath of the Civil War, American policy makers moved away from policies opposing foreign entanglements. B) ?Many Americans opposed colonialism because they felt that it violated the principle of consent of the governed. C) Many Americans opposed colonialism because of the high financial cost involved. D) ?Many Americas opposed colonialism because they opposed the entry of non-white populations into the nation. E) ?All of these are correct.
Because proverbs are brief, their influence is often overlooked
Indicate whether the statement is true or false