The neonatal nurse knows that the neonate must work to keep warm. What is the most efficient process the neonate uses to maintain its temperature?
A) Using stores of brown fat
B) Producing muscle movement
C) Shivering
D) Taking shallow breaths
A
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To counteract the heat loss, the baby has three ways to maintain its temperature: shivering, which is not very efficient; muscle movements, which have only a little benefit; and the most efficient method of the three, the production of heat caused by using a stored fat known as brown fat. Only infants born at term have much brown fat and, after it is used, the baby cannot create more. Neonates do not adjust their breathing to maintain temperature. This is one reason that it is so important for the nurse to take steps to keep the baby warm.
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