Which of the following is not part of Earth's climate system?
A) Exosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Biosphere
E) Geosphere
A
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What property of glacial ice helps climatologists to reconstruct the CO2 concentrations of the atmosphere during the past?
A) The amount of 16O in the water. B) The ratio of oxygen isotopes in the ice. C) The amount of volcanic ash frozen in the ice. D) The contents of the air bubbles trapped in the ice.
Where the ocean meets a steep sandy cliff, erosion at or below the water line can undercut the cliff, leading to swift erosion.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Of Earth's total number of species, why are the fewest in the marine pelagic realm?
a) There is more area on land for different species. b) Uniform conditions in the pelagic realm make fewer specialized environments for organism adaptation, evolution and radiation into different species. c) Organisms need a hard substrate (either land or sea bottom) in order to evolve into different species. d) Evolution of differing species is triggered by extinction, but extinction is rare in the pelagic environment. e) The pelagic realm contains the photic zone, and solar radiation in the photic zone suppresses the number of new species that evolve.
Consider a sample of porphyritic andesite, which is common in Pacific Rim volcanoes. Speculate how this sample may have formed (simply defining porphyritic isn't enough, be specific)
What will be an ideal response?