The first level of ethical functioning is characterized by compliance with the law and by following the ethical codes. This is called

a. personal ethics.
b. ideal ethics.
c. aspirational ethics.
d. mandatory ethics.
e. basic ethics.


ANS: D

Counseling

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Situating the client and his or her community in their current and historical sociopolitical context is

a. Critical b. Advisable c. Unnecessary d. Superfluous

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According to the definition given in this chapter, ethical standards

a. are unenforceable ethical virtues b. are enforceable behaviors c. include concepts such as do no harm and beneficence d. are suggestions, not mandates, for test use

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All social constructionist theories emphasize listening to clients without judgment or blame, affirming and valuing them

a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Counseling

A(n) __________ allows for midcourse modifications to ensure that objectives are met.

a. summative evaluation b. outcomes evaluation c. outcomes assessment d. formative evaluation

Counseling