A 28-year-old female client presents at the emergency department with a rapid onset of fever and chills, with flank pain, pyuria, nausea, vomiting, and headache. Laboratory results indicate bacteriuria, WBCs, and casts
What condition should the nurse suspect? A) Chronic cystitis
B) Acute pyelonephritis
C) Interstitial cystitis
D) Glomerulonephritis
B
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Signs and symptoms of acute pyelonephritis are rapid onset of fever and chills, with flank pain, pyuria, nausea, vomiting, and headache. A urine test reveals bacteria in the urine (bacteriuria) as well as WBCs and casts. Signs and symptoms of cystitis include urinary frequency, nocturia (nighttime voiding), and incontinence; and bacteria in the urine. With interstitial cystitis, the client experiences a strong urge to void extremely frequently (every 5–30 minutes), often for many days without relief. The client may also experience pelvic pain and have painful intercourse. Glomerulonephritis is a group of diseases in which the kidneys are damaged and partly destroyed by inflammation of the glomeruli.
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