Which one of the following examples best describes differences between students with a mastery orientation and students with learned helplessness?
a. Students with a mastery orientation expect that they will have to work extremely hard to master new tasks. Students with learned helplessness usually overestimate their abilities.
b. Students with a mastery orientation set easily attainable goals and become frustrated when they don't attain those goals effortlessly. Students with learned helplessness set goals that are almost impossible to attain.
c. Students with a mastery orientation set high goals and seek challenges. Students with learned helplessness underestimate their abilities and set low goals.
d. Students with a mastery orientation attribute their successes to external, uncontrollable factors. Students with an attitude of learned helplessness attribute failures to internal, controllable factors.
C
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Mr. Wilson will have a student with an intellectual disability included in his class for the first time this fall. Her name is Susan, and Mr. Wilson is considering what changes he should make to his style of teaching to promote her success. Which one of the following strategies is least likely to be helpful?
a. Mr. Wilson will structure his lesson plans so that all of the children can work at their own pace as much as possible. This will allow Susan to go as slowly as she needs to in order to succeed. b. Mr. Wilson will use the Golden Rule ("Do unto others as you would have them do unto you") to define acceptable behavior in the classroom. It will be easier for Susan to remember this rule than a more specific list, and it should apply to any unexpected problems that might arise. c. When teaching math, Mr. Wilson will set up real-life scenarios such as going to the store or balancing a checkbook. That will help Susan know when to apply the skills she learns. d. Mr. Wilson will make an effort to give Susan complete instructions, step by step, and not assume that she will understand directions he doesn't make explicit.
Two primary ways in which cultural beliefs can impact teaching and learning are in the selection of curriculum and teaching materials and in the selection of instructional ______.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which shows a disadvantage of avoidance?
a. It leads to “short fuse” emotions in a person. b. It does not provide time to rationalize issues and gather thoughts. c. It is the most difficult conflict style to achieve. d. Avoidance offers very few disadvantages.
How many hours of weekly intervention are recommended for young children with autism spectrum disorders?
a. 10 hours b. 15 hours c. 25 hours d. 40 hours