The most effective binding of phagocytic cells to bacterial cells occurs in the presence of:

a) C3b
b) C3b and C3a
c) C3b and antibodies
d) C5a


Answer: c) C3b and antibodies

Biology & Microbiology

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Blood sugar is regulated by two pancreatic hormones—insulin and glucagon. When blood sugar rises, insulin is released; it binds to receptors and, through signal transduction, results in an increase in glucose uptake by cells

Blood sugar is regulated by two pancreatic hormonesâ€"insulin and glucagon. When blood sugar rises, insulin is released; it binds to receptors and, through signal transduction, results in an increase in glucose uptake by cells, which effectively lowers blood glucose levels. When blood sugar decreases, glucagon is released, binds to cell receptors, and causes glucose to be released into circulation, thereby increasing blood glucose levels. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that results from excessively high levels of blood glucose. Type II diabetics have normal to elevated levels of insulin. What, then, might be causing their elevated blood glucose levels? A) inadequate insulin production B) defective receptors C) defective second messenger D) overproduction of glucagon

Biology & Microbiology

Consider a strand of DNA with the sequence GAATTCGGCA. What is the sequence of the complementary strand?

A) ACGGCTTAAG B) AGGCCTAATG C) CTTAAGCCGT D) GAATTCGGCA

Biology & Microbiology

An axillary bud may produce

A. a lateral branch or a flower. B. inhibitors of growth. C. nothing-it is shed with the leaf. D. wood and lateral branches.

Biology & Microbiology

The distinction between the FAB classification and the WHO classification is based on which of the following?

A) Patients' signs and symptoms B) Mutant neoplastic "stem" cell identification C) Percent blasts D) Cytochemical reactions

Biology & Microbiology