Which of the following are associated with hypercapnic respiratory failure due to decreased ven-tilatory drive? 1. Brainstem lesions 2. Encephalitis 3. Hypothyroidism 4. Asthma
a. 1, 2, and 3 only
b. 2 and 4 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only
ANS: A
This ventilatory drive can be diminished by various factors such as drugs (overdose/sedation), brainstem lesions, diseases of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, hypothyroidism, morbid obesity (e.g., obesity-hypoventilation), and sleep apnea.
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