Describe two psychosocial causal factors in the development of alcohol abuse and dependence
What will be an ideal response?
Two of: 1. Failures in parental guidance - alcoholic parents model the behavior, provide limited guidance and training. 2. Psychological vulnerability – emotionally immature, expecting a lot of the world, needing lots of praise, low frustration tolerance, impulsivity, and feeling inadequate to fulfill expected gender roles seem to describe an alcoholic personality. These people have higher risk of developing alcoholism. Also the presence of antisocial personality disorder increases risk. 3. Stress and tension reduction can reinforce drinking behavior. 4. Expectations of social success - the reciprocal influence model - can increase risk. 5. Relationship problems can increase drinking. GRADING RUBRIC: 10 points, 5 for each causal factor.
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Based on research concerning control, personality, and stress-related illness, which person would be least likely to experience a weakened immune system?
a. Joe, who feels that his manager controls his work life b. Jennifer, who feels little involvement in or commitment to her job c. Jason, who is always optimistic and perceives that he has a lot of control over things in his life d. Rochelle, who wants her job to remain the same forever
In which stage of the general adaptation syndrome has the body reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress, which may result in the development of stress-related diseases?
A. alarm B. collapse C. exhaustion D. resistance
Many of our emotions, thoughts, and actions occur as automatic responses to cues that are rapidly, effortlessly, and unconsciously processed
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
The aspect of language relating to communicating effectively and appropriately with others is __________
a) grammar b) syntax c) fast mapping d) pragmatics