Which statement best illustrates the process of positive reinforcement?
A. A child is sent to her room after screaming while at the dinner table.
B. A hungry rat presses a lever to obtain a food pellet.
C. A rat presses a lever that results in delivery of shock through the floor of the chamber.
D. A woman injects heroin into her veins to obtain a "rush."
Answer: B
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Memory theorists have suggested that primacy and recency effects are best explained in terms of
a. motivation. b. distinctiveness. c. attention. d. proportionality.
A study that demonstrated the effect of expertise on memory used
(a) a film on cars crashing (b) a group that believed that the world was coming to its end (c) chess positions (d) maintenance rehearsal (e) counting backwards by threes before the words were recalled
Louanne has been having difficulties with stress lately, so she goes to a therapist who talks her through the process of alternately tensing and relaxing different muscle groups in her body
Then they work on proper breathing technique. The goal of these exercises, which are collectively called __________ therapy, is to help relieve tension and stress. a. relaxation b. dynamic muscle c. peace induction d. biofeedback
Self-regulated behavior is best encouraged when parents:
a. use mild, but never harsh, physical punishment b. use verbal reasoning to discipline the child c. set strict rules and make few, if any, exceptions d. allow the child to learn by trial and error, with little guidance