A young adult patient tells the nurse that he periodically uses "uppers" to keep awake while studying for college classes, so he does not understand why he has been feeling so depressed lately. The nurse realizes this patient is describing:
1. Symptoms of a "crash.".
2. Expected effects of the drug.
3. Abstinence syndrome.
4. Hallucinations.
Symptoms of a "crash.".
Rationale: Amphetamines or "uppers" are used to control appetite, treat depression, and increase alertness. The patient uses the drug to keep alert to study. Tolerance for amphetamines develops rapidly, and withdrawing the substance can lead to a depressive episode or a "crash.". Depression is not an expected effect of amphetamines. Abstinence syndrome is seen in patients who use cocaine. Hallucinations are associated with drugs such as peyote and LSD.
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