How does the process of "attraction" during phagocytosis occur?
A. Antibodies attached to phagocytic cells identify non-self cells and apply ionic pressure to mechanically connect the invaders to the immune system cells.
B. Activation of enzymes by phagolysosomes gives bacteria and viruses an overall positive charge, enhancing the attraction of neutrophils and macrophages to these invaders.
C. Capillary leak from histamine stimulates pooling of plasma in tissue spaces, fil-tering leukocytes from the blood into sites of injury or invasion.
D. Cells in and around damaged tissues secrete chemotaxins that attract neutrophils and macrophages to the sites of injury or invasion.
D
Cells in an area of tissue damage or a site of invasion secrete chemical magnets known as che-motaxins or leukotaxins that draw other leukocytes to the area. A major cell responsible for the secretion of the chemotaxins is the tissue macrophage, although damaged tissues and blood ves-sels also secrete chemotaxins. These substances are a signal for more leukocytes to come to the area of invasion to bind with the invaders and to engage in phagocytosis.
You might also like to view...
The nurse is caring for a respiratory client who uses a noninvasive positive pressure device. Which medical equipment does the nurse anticipate to find in the client's room?
A) A ventilator B) A face mask C) A rigid shell D) A nasal cannula
The health of rural populations is impacted by:
a. distance. b. isolation. c. dispersed populations. d. all of the above.
When Congress decides that states will administer a program rather than the federal govern-ment, money is given to states as block grants. One effect of block grants is:
1. Reduction of federal expenditures 2. Decreased ability of the state to spend the money for programs designated by the state 3. Guaranteed continuation of programs with demonstrated effectiveness
The nurse is caring for a patient taking tacrolimus (Prograf) on a renal telemetry unit. Which adverse effect associated with this medication would most concern the nurse?
a. Gingival hyperplasia b. Blood glucose level of 120 c. Risk of infection d. Tremors and insomnia