Explain prospective power analysis and how it relates to effect sizes.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Prospective power analysis means determining the sample size required to achieve a desired level of power, prior to running an experiment. The hardest part of prospective power analysis is determining the effect size that would be meaningful in the specific research setting. There is no rule to follow here. If a researcher thinks that an effect size of ? = .5 would be meaningful he or she must justify this decision. In some research settings this might be considered an extraordinarily large effect and in others it might be extraordinarily small. Once one has decided on the effect size of interest and desired level of power, it is necessary to use programs like Excel to compute the required sample size; this is prospective power analysis.
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