The nurse is teaching a client about the role of calcium in hypertension, and explains that a high concentration of calcium in arterial smooth muscle cells leads to which clinical manifestation?
1. Elevated blood pressure
2. Hypercalcemia
3. Decreased blood pressure
4. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Blood pressure is increased by the increase in contractility of vascular smooth muscle when intracellular calcium is increased.
Rationale 2: Hypercalcemia is not a consequence of intracellular calcium concentration, although a significant elevation in serum concentration of calcium can increase intracellular calcium.
Rationale 3: Calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells increases vasoconstriction and does not decrease blood pressure.
Rationale 4: Hypocalcemia is not a consequence of intracellular calcium concentration, although a significant decrease in serum concentration of calcium can decrease intracellular calcium.
Global Rationale: Blood pressure is increased by the increase in contractility of vascular smooth muscle when intracellular calcium is increased. Hypercalcemia is not a consequence of intracellular calcium concentration, although a significant elevation in serum concentration of calcium can increase intracellular calcium. Calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells increases vasoconstriction and does not decrease blood pressure.
You might also like to view...
A patient has just been told by his physician that he is HIV-positive. He asks the nurse, "When will I get AIDS?" The nurse's response should be
a. "Most people get AIDS within 3 to 12 weeks after they are infected with HIV." b. "Don't worry. You may never get AIDS if you eat properly, exercise, and get plenty of rest." c. "It varies with every individual, but the average time is 8 to 10 years from the time a person is infected, and some go much longer." d. "You can expect to develop signs and symptoms of AIDS within 6 months."
A client, who has an intense fear of flying, has elected to participate in a therapy that culminates in a short air flight. This is an example of which type of therapy?
A) Psychotherapy B) Cognitive therapy C) Behavioral therapy D) Alternative therapy
The nurse explains that for a client who is a poor surgical risk, one of the nonsurgical alternatives for gallstone disease is
a. abdominal ultrasound. b. laser therapy. c. retrograde endoscopy. d. T-tube placement.
One of the weakest pieces of evidence a researcher can identify when addressing and answering clinical questions is the use of:
A. individual case-control studies. B. case studies. C. expert opinion. D. randomized clinical trials.