Nancy Schlossberg identified six basic paths to retirement. Describe these paths and apply each to the case of Gloria, a recent retiree.
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Continuers use part-time or volunteer work to remain at least partially active in their pre-retirement work. Gloria might volunteer at a nonprofit organization, helping with their taxes, to keep partially involved in her previous occupation as a bookkeeper.
- Involved spectators take more of a back-seat role in staying connected with their previous fields. Gloria might maintain her subscription to Bookkeeper Times, The Monthly Newsletter for Bookkeepers and Their Books, but only to read dispassionately about developments in her former field.
- Adventurers use retirement as a time to explore entirely new pursuits, perhaps including a new field of work. Gloria might try her hand at pastel painting, something she's never done before.
- Searchers try different activities in search of a suitable way to spend their retirement. Gloria may drift from hobby to hobby, dabbling a bit in each but never committing to any one.
- Easy gliders don't fret about retirement much and take each day as it comes. Gloria's plans to clean the house would go completely out the window when she wakes and sees the beautiful, sunshiny day that awaits her outdoors.
- Retreaters become depressed and withdrawn and stop searching for a meaningful pathway through retirement. Let's hope that Gloria has chosen one of the other pathways, and not entirely given up on life and happiness. We work to live, not the other way around.
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a. subliminal perception b. threshold-less stimuli c. exposed stimuli d. ESP
The use of facts and objective reasoning to most effectively reach a decision or understand a problem is known as ________________.
A. qualitative analysis B. discretion C. ethical balance D. critical thinking
What are response sets?
a. Ways of responding that test takers find most comfortable b. The four or five responses provided in a multiple choice question c. Equipment, such as computers, used to respond to tests d. Patterns of responding that result in false or misleading information
When test subjects are asked to recall a list of letters they have just seen, the mistakes they make often involve letters that sound similar to the displayed letters. These mistakes are probably due to
a. retrograde amnesia. b. acoustic coding. c. retroactive interference during transfer from echoic to iconic memory. d. the serial position effect. e. the tip-of-the tongue phenomenon.