In a controlled experiment, the group of subjects exposed to all experimental conditions or variables except the independent variable is called the __________ group
a. experimental
b. extraneous
c. control
d. randomized
Answer: c. control
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Experimental psychology examines development throughout the lifetime
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
__________ tend to show excessive fearfulness and slow, constricted behavior in the late preschool and school years
A) Slow-to-warm-up children B) Difficult children C) Easy children D) Children who do not fit in any of Thomas and Chess's temperament categories
How does flooding differ from systematic desensitization?
A. Flooding constructs a hierarchy of anxiety-provoking stimuli, whereas systematic desensitization constructs a hierarchy of fears. B. Flooding is time-consuming and expensive, whereas systematic desensitization is fairly simple and quick. C. Flooding gauges neurotic symptoms, whereas systematic desensitization observes maladaptive behaviors. D. Flooding uses sudden or gradual confrontation with a feared stimulus, whereas systematic desensitization uses learned relaxation techniques.
Four-year-old Cynthia's mother gives her an apple each day and tells her that apples are fruits. However, one day, Cynthia's mother gives her an orange. She tells Cynthia that oranges are also fruits. Which of the following is most likely to occur to Cynthia's scheme of fruits?
A. She creates a new scheme for oranges. B. She ignores the new information about oranges. C. She incorporates the information so that her scheme now includes apples and oranges. D. She eliminates the concept of apple, and now her scheme of fruits only contains oranges.