What statement best describes Duchenne (pseudohypertrophic) muscular dystrophy (DMD)?
a. It has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.
b. Onset occurs in later childhood and adolescence.
c. It is characterized by presence of Gower sign, a waddling gait, and lordosis.
d. Disease stabilizes during adolescence, allowing for life expectancy to approximately age 40 years.
ANS: C
DMD is characterized by a waddling gait and lordosis. Gower sign is a characteristic way of rising from a squatting or sitting position on the floor. DMD is inherited as an X-linked recessive gene. Genetic counseling is recommended for parents, female siblings, maternal aunts, and their female offspring. Onset occurs usually between ages 3 and 5 years. DMD has a progressive and relentless loss of muscle function until death by respiratory or cardiac failure.
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