A client with chronic pain experiences panic when pain is perceived and the muscles become tight and tense. What approach should the nurse instruct the client to use to relax?
1. Taking medication before the pain begins
2. Utilizing a TENS unit
3. Beginning diaphragmatic breathing as soon as pain is perceived
4. Calling the physician
Answer: 3
1. Medication is a pharmacological treatment for pain that will not necessarily help the client to relax.
2. A TENS unit blocks pain impulses but does not help with panic or relaxation.
3. Diaphragmatic breathing is proven to help the client to relax and relieve tension.
4. The physician does not help the client with nonpharmacological means of pain relief; the nurse does.
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