Most hereditary forms of breast and ovarian cancer arise in women who inherit a mutant copy of either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, each of which encodes a proteins involved directly in
A) inhibiting apoptosis.
B) repairing DNA double-strand breaks.
C) passing through the G1 restriction point.
D) a spindle assembly checkpoint.
E) activating Rho proteins to increase cell motility.
Answer: B
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Enumerating the viable and total cell concentration of a population of a microbial isolate can be a really laborious task for a microbiologist
Especially when a microbiologist studies the same isolate for several years, it often becomes practical to determine the relationship between optical density (OD) and cell concentration. Once this relationship (determined by a standard curve) is determined, the OD of an isolate in a broth can be routinely used to determine the population's concentration. Why must a standard curve be prepared for each isolate when using OD measurements to determine cell concentration? Also describe an experiment that would generate this type of standard curve. What will be an ideal response?
One byproduct of the noncyclic pathway used by early autotrophs was the ________
a. extinction of many early anaerobes b. all of the choices c. development of the ozone layer d. enrichment of the atmosphere with oxygen
The _____ is the smallest unit of life
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Glycolysis occurs before fermentation.
a. true b. false